MULTICELLGENOMEBACK TO THE STORY ↙

ANIMAL ORIGINS PORTAL / GENES

Origins of the
animal toolkit.

Explore when molecular systems associated with animal multicellularity emerged — and where their components are found across the closest unicellular relatives of animals.

Choose a gene↓

01 / EXPLORE BY SYSTEM

The animal toolkit took
many evolutionary routes.

Cell adhesionCURATION PROTOTYPE / V0.1

Integrin beta

Evolutionary origin

Before Opisthokonta

Before OpisthokontaOpisthokontaHolozoaFilozoaChoanozoaMetazoa
Resolution
ApusomonadidaSister to Opisthokonta●Present
Holomycota (Fungi et al.)Opisthokonta×Absent in sampled genomes
CorallochytreaOpisthokonta / Holozoa—Not yet assessed
IchthyosporeaOpisthokonta / Holozoa—Not yet assessed
FilastereaOpisthokonta / Holozoa●Present
ChoanoflagellateaOpisthokonta / Holozoa×Absent in sampled genomes
MetazoaOpisthokonta / Holozoa●Present
KEY EVIDENCE

Integrin beta predates Opisthokonta and was independently lost in the sampled fungi and choanoflagellates.

Sebé-Pedrós et al., PNAS (2010) ↗

Default view: evolutionary lineages. Species detail reveals the genomes supporting each inference. The interface distinguishes absence from “not detected”, uncertain homology and incomplete assessment.